Skip to main content

Hunt playbook

New Device in a Control Zone

Identify devices that appeared in a control zone without a corresponding project or work order.

FoundationalT0842T0864

Hypothesis

One or more devices in a control zone are not in the approved inventory.

Why this hunt matters

Unexpected devices may be test equipment, a contractor laptop, or an attacker's foothold — and all three matter.

Scope

Assets: industrial-switch, plc, terminal-server

Protocols: profinet, profinet-dcp, ethernet-ip, goose

Data sources required

  • Passive asset discovery
  • Switch MAC and ARP tables
  • DHCP logs
  • Asset inventory
  • Work orders

Baseline needed first

  • A current asset inventory per zone with MAC/IP and owner

Hunt steps

  1. 01Extract the observed device list per zone for the period
  2. 02Diff against the asset inventory
  3. 03For each new device, identify vendor OUI, protocols spoken and peers contacted
  4. 04Check work orders and project schedules for planned installations
  5. 05Physically locate the device via switch port mapping where necessary

Indicators of interest

  • Consumer or unexpected vendor OUIs
  • Devices speaking programming protocols
  • Devices with both control-zone and external connectivity
  • A new MAC address issuing PROFINET DCP Identify broadcasts on a Siemens cell — visible only to a layer-2 sensor

Triage

  • Where is it physically connected?
  • What has it communicated with?
  • Who owns it?

Likely false positives

  • Planned commissioning
  • Spare devices energised for testing
  • Redundant hardware failing over

Escalation

  • A dual-homed device bridging zones
  • A device contacting controllers with write operations

Containment options

  • Coordinate with site engineering before disabling a switch port

Validation

  • Inventory updated
  • Unused ports disabled
  • Discovery alerting enabled

Why should I care?

Containment in OT is a joint decision. Isolating a device can be the safest action or the one that stops production — operations decides, security advises.