Sectors

Industry guidance

The systems, processes, safety concerns and threat patterns that differ from sector to sector.

Every sector runs a different process — the consequence of a control failure is what makes the guidance differ.

Electric Power

Generation, transmission and distribution, where protection schemes operate in milliseconds and outages have public consequences.

Upstream, midstream and downstream operations with distributed assets, hazardous processes and heavy safety instrumentation.

Public utilities with widely distributed sites, small technical teams and direct public-health consequences.

Discrete and hybrid production where downtime is measured directly in units and revenue, and cells are highly heterogeneous.

Continuous and batch chemical production with significant process hazards and rigorous safety layers.

Regulated batch manufacturing where data integrity and validated system state matter as much as availability.

High-throughput production lines with strong hygiene requirements and heavy OEM machine content.

Fixed plant and mobile fleet operations, often remote, with heavy reliance on wireless and autonomous systems.

Rail, road and airport systems where control failures affect public movement and safety.

Vessels and ports combining navigation, propulsion, cargo and terminal automation with intermittent connectivity.

HVAC, lighting, access and fire systems — frequently the least segmented OT in an organisation.

Facility infrastructure — power, cooling and monitoring — that underpins digital services and is itself an OT environment.

Clinical devices and hospital facility systems where patient safety and continuity of care dominate.